English & British Monarchs.
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English & British Monarchs. |
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A poem to aid the memory of reigns back to the 'Conquest':
Willy, Willy, Harry, Stevie
Harry, Dick, John, Harry 3
1, 2, 3 Teds then Richard 2
Harrys 4, 5, 6 then who?
Ted's 4 & 5 then the 3rd Dick
Harrys 7 'n' 8, Ed 6 and Jane (quick)
Mary 1, Liz 1 then Meg the Scot
Jim 1, both Charlies and Jim 2 we've got
Bill & Mary before Annie Gloria
All 4 Georges, Bill 4 and Victoria
Ed the 7th then Georgie 5
Quick Ted 8, George 6, Liz 2 (alive).
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901 - 924 - Edward (Ædward the Elder, son of Ælfred - 'King of the Angles & Saxons)
963 - 978 - Edward (Ædward the Martyr, son of Ædgar - 'King of the English'. Assassinated)
978 - 1013 - Ethelred (Æthelred the Unready.)
1013 - 1014 - Cnut (Canute. expelled by Ethelred.)
1043 - 1066 - Edward (Ædward the Confessor, son of Æthelred the Unready - 'King of the English', buried in Westminster Abbey.)
1066 - 1087 - William I (born 1027. Norman. The Conquerer)
1087 - 1100 - William II (Rufus. son of William I. shot while hunting in New Forest. buried at Winchester.)
1100 - 1135 - Henry I (born 1068. son of William I. re-founded English 'nation' by marrying Matilda thus introducing intermarriage between Norman and English. died at Angers (Normandy). buried at Reading.)
1135 - 1154 - Stephen (born 1097? son of Stephen Henry, count of Blois and Adela, daughter of William I. brought up by William I. crowned at Westminster. buried at Feversham Abbey.)
1154 - 1189 - Henry II (born 1133. son of Geoffrey of Anjou. succeeded by making 'terms' with Stephen. lover of learning and a great 'builder'. died at Chinon. buried at Fontevraud.)
1189 - 1199 - Richard I (born 1157. Richard Coeur De Lion - Lionheart. son of Henry II. Crusader. defeated Saladin. imprisoned in Germany/Austria and held to ransom. mortally wounded by arrow at Chaluz, his body buried at Fontevrault and his heart at Rouen.)
1199 - 1216 - John (born 1167?. son of Henry II. crowned at Westminster. died, possibly poisoned at Newark. buried in Worcester Cathedral.)
1216 - 1272 - Henry III (born 1207. son of John. crowned at Gloucester. buried at Westminster Abbey before the high altar with his heart sent to Fontevraud. )
1272 - 1307 - Edward I (born 1239. eldest son of Henry I, buried at Westminster Abbey.)
1307 - 1327 - Edward II (born 1284. 'of Carnarvon' son of Edward I, forced to resign throne believed either murdered in Berkeley Castle or died a hermit in Lombardy)
1327 - 1377 - Edward III (born 1312. eldest son of Edward II, put on throne by his mother.)
1377 - 1399 - Richard II (born 1367 'of Bordeaux'. son of Edward- the Black Prince'. resigned crown 1399, imprisoned at Pontefract and apparently died there, probably violently on 14th February 1400 although it was widely believed he escaped to Scotland and lived on.)
1399 - 1413 - Henry IV (born 1367 Bolingbroke. son of John of Gaunt. exiled by Richard but forced him to 'resign' and gained the crown by popular 'election'. died in Jerusalem Chamber, Westminster. His tomb at Canterbury was opened in 1832.)
1413 - 1422 - Henry V (born 1387 at Monmouth. son of Henry IV. at Agincourt - 1415. died at Bois de Vincennes. buried in Westminster Abbey.)
1422 - 1461 - Henry VI (born 1421 at Windsor. son of Henry V. ruled through minority by Humphrey of Gloucester. crowned 1429 at Westminster. lost Normandy 1451. defeated by Edward IV & fled, imprisoned in Tower - 1465 -70. restored 1470 but captured at Barnet and murdered in Tower on Edwards' return.)
1461 - 1470 - Edward IV (Wars of the Roses)
1470 - 1471 - Henry VI
1471 - 1483 - Edward IV (born 1442 at Rouen. son of Richard of York)
1483 - 1483 - Edward V (born 1470. eldest son of Edward IV, murdered in the Tower along with his brother the Duke of York (probably on the orders of Gloucester a supporter of Richard III).)
1483 - 1485 - Richard III (born 1452 at Fotheringay Castle. son of Richard, duke of York. 'Crouchback' due to a slight bodily deformity. reported to have murdered Henry VI at the Tower and the young Edward prince of Wales with his brother. buried at Grey Friars, London.)
1485 - 1509 - Henry VII (born 1457. son of Edmund Tudor, earl of Richmond. died at Richmond at palace named after him, also had 'his' chapel at Westminster built.)
1509 - 1547 - Henry VIII (born 1491. son of Henry VII. married 6 times Catherine of Aragon (divorced); Anne Boleyn (beheaded); Jane Seymour (died); Anne of Cleves (divorced); Catherine Howard (beheaded); Catherine Parr (outlived him). dissolved the Catholic Church in England. )
1547 - 1553 - Edward VI (born 1537, son of Henry VIII)
1553 - 1553 - Lady Jane Grey (born 1537. daughter of Henry Grey, duke of Suffolk. and as part of the plot to alter succession of throne reigned for just 9 days. executed after 'Wyatt's Rebellion' 1554.)
1553 - 1558 - Mary I ('Bloody' Mary Tudor. born 1516. daughter of Henry VIII & Catherine of Aragon. buried in Westminster Abbey.)
1558 - 1603 - Elizabeth I (born 1553, daughter of Henry VIII & Anne Boleyn - the 'Virgin Queen', died at Richmond, buried in Westminster Abbey. )
1603 - 1625 - James I (James VI of Scotland)
1625 - 1646 - Charles I (born 1600 at Dunfermline. son of James I. fought against Parliamentary control. condemned and executed in London 30th January 1649.)
1646 - 1660 - Commonwealth Period
1660 - 1685 - Charles II (born 1630 at St James, London. son of Charles I. fled to Normandy 1651. held court in Belgium. also had problems with Parliament after succeding to throne. many mistresses and illegitimate children. died of apoplectic stroke 6th February 1685. buried at Westminster.)
1685 - 1688 - James II (born 1633. James VII of Scotland. son of Charles I. entered French and Spanish service during exile. died at St Germains. )
1688 - 1694 - William IV & Mary II (Mary II, born 1662 - daughter of Charles II. died of smallpox. buried at Henry VII's Chapel, Westminster Abbey.)
1694 - 1702 - William IV (born 1765 in The Hague - William of Orange. son of Wiiliam II, prince of Orange & Mary - daughter of Charles II. refused throne by 'right of conquest' but agreed to rule with his wife Mary through her 'right of succession'. died after riding accident at Hampton Court. buried at Westminster.)
1702 - 1714 - Anne (born 1665 St James Palace, 2nd daughter of James II, interred Henry VII's Chapel, Westminster.)
1714 - 1727 - George I (born 1660 - George Lewis - Hanover. Great Grandson of James I. died of apoplexy at Osnabruck, buried at Hanover.)
1727 - 1760 - George II (born 1683. son of George I. buried in Henry VII's Chapel, Westminster.)
1760 - 1820 - George III (born 1738. grandson of George II, son of Frederick Louis, prince of Wales. suffered mental illness. became blind and deranged. buried in St Georges Chapel, Windsor.)
1820 - 1830 - George IV (born 1762. son of George III. brought up in seclusion at Kew with his brother but well educated. buried in St Georges Chapel, Windsor.)
1830 - 1837 - William IV (born 1765. son of George III. a seaman rising from able seaman to admiral of the fleet before succeeding to throne. buried at Windsor.)
1837 - 1901 - Victoria (born 1819. first name Alexandrina - daughter of Edward Augustus - son of George III. succeeded to throne, married Albert 1840 who died in 1861. interred at Frogmore with her husband. )
1901 - 1910 - Edward VII (born 1841 Buckingham Palace. eldest son of Victoria. buried at St George's Chapel, Windsor.)
1910 - 1937 - George V (born 1865 at Marlborough House. son of Edward VII. naval career. adopted the name Windsor. died at Sandringham. buried at Windsor.)
1937 - 1937 - Edward VIII (born 1894. eldest son of George V and Mary, abdicated, Duke of Windsor, Governor of Bahamas 1940- 45. Died in Paris 1972.)
1937 - 1953 - George VI (born 1895 York Cottage, Sandringham. son of George V and Mary, qualified as pilot 1919. died at Sandringham. buried in St Georges Chapel, Windsor.)
1953 - Elizabeth II (born 21st April 1926 London, christened Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor. daughter of George VI and Elizabeth. )